Ammonium metavanadate – a key compound in modern chemistry and industry

Ammonium metavanadate (_NH4VO3) is one of the more versatile sources of vanadium used in analytical chemistry, materials technology and the catalytic industry. This bright yellow or orange powder with a distinctive crystal structure has found widespread use as an oxidant, a precursor for the synthesis of vanadium oxides and a component of modern functional materials.

The compound is included in Vichemic ‘s offer and is available in the pure reagents category – check out the offer here.

Physical and chemical properties

• Chemical name: ammonium metavanadate
• Sum formula: _NH4VO3
• CAS number: 11128-29-3
• EC no: 234-264-1
• Physical form: crystalline powder (yellow-orange)
• Solubility: soluble in water, weak in alcohol
• Molar mass: 116.98 g/mol

History and receipt

Ammonium metavanadate was discovered during 19th-century exploration of vanadium ores. The compound is obtained by reacting vanadium oxides (e.g. _V2O5) with ammonia or ammonium salts in an aqueous environment. After precipitation and purification, the product is dried under controlled conditions, yielding a high-purity material.

Industrial applications

1. Production of catalysts

Ammonium metavanadate is a source of vanadium in the synthesis of _V2O5, a catalyst used in industry to produce sulfuric acid (contact process). Its oxidizing properties and thermal stability make it indispensable in industrial reactions for the conversion of _SO2 into _SO3.

2. Modern functional materials

It is used as a precursor of vanadium oxides nanoparticles for photocatalysts, electrochromes, gas sensors and as a dopant in semiconductors. Vanadium oxides with mesoporous structure obtained from ammonium metavanadate are used in humidity and ammonia sensors.

3. Dyes and pigments

Vanadium stains glass and ceramics to shades of yellow, green and blue. Ammonium metavanadate is added to enamels, glazes and specialized heat-resistant paints.

4. Oxidation reactions in laboratories

In organic chemistry, it is used as a selective oxidant, especially in the conversion of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones. Stability in aqueous media and ease of handling make it often used in qualitative and quantitative analysis.

5. Environmental photocatalysis

Ammonium metavanadate, combined with titanium oxides (_TiO2), is used to break down organic contaminants in water. It helps remove residues of pharmaceuticals, pesticides and phenols from industrial wastewater.

Scientific and research significance

Vanadium as a transition element is being intensively studied in a biological context. Its complexes have potential anticancer, antibacterial and hypoglycemic properties. Although ammonium metavanadate itself is not a drug, its derivatives are being used in studies of protein kinase inhibitors and as insulin analogs.

Toxicological and health and safety aspects

Store ammonium metavanadate in a dry, cool place, away from heat sources. Avoid inhalation of dust and skin contact. May be irritating to the respiratory system and skin. Personal protective equipment is recommended: masks, gloves and safety glasses.

• H302 – Harmful if swallowed
• H319 – Irritating to eyes
• H335 – May cause respiratory irritation

Future applications

Research worldwide is considering ammonium metavanadate as a component of modern sodium-ion and lithium-ion batteries. Vanadium layered structures show good conductivity and stability of charge cycles.

Another promising area is the use of methavanadate as a carrier for enzymes in industrial biotechnology – particularly in the reaction of phenolic compounds in the biodegradation of lignin waste.

Where to buy ammonium metavanadate?

You can find high-quality ammonium metavanadate at Vichemic – available in the pure reagents section. The product is available in various weights, with a full data sheet and technical support.

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